Hatsukokoro Ginga ATS34 Damascus Santoku 180mm

Both are all-purpose Japanese knives, and for most home cooks either will handle the bulk of daily prep. The choice comes down to length, blade shape, and how you like to cut.

A gyuto is the Japanese chef's knife, with a gently curved edge that lets you rock and slide through cuts as well as chop. Tojiro's guide to Western knife shapes gives 150 to 210mm as the household size for a gyuto and up to 360mm for professional use. The extra length and pointed tip give you reach and versatility, from proteins to large produce.

Tojiro's guide to Japanese knife shapes gives 165 to 170mm as the household size for a santoku, which has a flatter profile and a rounded sheep's-foot tip. It rewards a straight up-and-down push cut, feels nimble in smaller hands or tight kitchens, and is the classic Japanese household knife.

Rule of thumb: choose a gyuto if you want one do-everything knife with more reach, or a santoku if you prefer a compact, easy-to-control blade. Plenty of our customers end up owning both.

Match the shape to your stroke. Rock chopping keeps the tip on the board and rolls the curved belly through the food, so a gyuto or a Western chef's knife suits it, and Japanese knives rock fine as long as you rock gently.

Up-and-down chopping, the Chinese style, wants a straight run of edge, so a nakiri, usuba, santoku or bunka suits it better; a curved edge chopped straight down easily leaves pieces joined. Neither shape is better; it depends on how you cut.

A Japanese dictionary explains the name of the santoku (三徳包丁) as coming from the three things it handles: meat, fish and vegetables. The same dictionary entry points from the santoku to the bunka (文化包丁), treating the two as one knife.

One Japanese knife maker guide distinguishes the two by the tip. It says that in the Showa era the bunka was made with its tip cut at an angle, and the santoku came after it by rounding that tip.

Proterial makes ATS-34, a stainless blade steel. Its YSS page describes it as one for custom knives and high-quality cutlery tools, listing 14.00% chromium and 4.00% molybdenum and keeping the carbon figure closed.

That chromium is above the JSSA's 10.5% minimum for stainless steel, and the association notes that stainless, strictly, means it rusts less. Wash the knife and dry it after use.

Yes. The Echizen Uchihamono association's roster of certified craftsmen lists Yoshihiro Yauji as certified as a traditional craftsman in fiscal 2018.

The roster says he wants to pass on traditional techniques and develop them into new things. It also says he formed a team that has begun making products while sharing the history and culture of traditional tatara iron making.